Minnesota Landowner's Rights Association Newsletter

(Excerpts) - July, 1998


When Public Benefits...Public Should Pay

Edwin Halvorson of rural Trail MN provides a classic example of how 
government effectively has taken away individual rights regarding 
private property. He has been trying for years to find a way out of 
his dilemma to no avail. While our nation prides itself in the promise 
of freedom for all, Halvorson sees that promise as an illusion rather 
than reality.

Had he gone ahead with his original plans 16 years ago, he might have 
avoided at least part of his present problem. But he yielded to outside 
influences and became a victim if circumstance. Sadly, he is not the 
only person who has been similarly affected by governmental changes.

Back in 1982 Halvorson wanted to drain a wetland area on his farm in 
Section 15 of Hickory township. Even that long ago, a permit to drain 
was required from the Red Lake Watershed District because the wetland 
was over five acres in size. Watershed district engineer Charles Anderson 
whose report to the board noted that about half of Section 15 consisted 
of wetlands and the upland areas included woods, grasslands and small-
cultivated fields inspected it.

"The situation was discussed with the landowner, Mr. Halvorson," Anderson 
wrote. "I believe that he understands the public benefits of the present 
land use. However, he is compelled by economic reasons to drain the land 
for agriculture."

Anderson added that although it was his opinion that the land should not 
be drained, but he said he did not find sufficient grounds to recommend 
denial of the permit. He recommended that the district or other agencies 
explore the possibilities of preserving the area for its wildlife and 
flood control values. On May 18, 1982, Halvorson was issued Permit No. 
82019 to drain the wetland.

On Sept. 27, 1982, Halvorson received a letter from the Minnesota Department 
of Natural Resources noting the department had received his permit 
application to "drain a portion of wetland 57-18 as located on your property 
in the N 1/2 of Section 15, T152N, R39W, Pennington county." It cited 
wetland law, noted that a field inspection had been made and that "your 
application for drainage of wetland 57-18 is denied."

After discussion and negotiation, Halvorson accepted an offer by the 
Minnesota Department of Natural Resources to enroll 182.3 acres in the 
State Water Bank Program. He was told this was a 10-year contract that 
was renewable for a 30-year period. Total value of the 182.3 acres was 
appraised a $117,040-including 179.6 acres classified as tillable and 
valued at $650 per acre. A deduction of $5,380-the estimated cost to drain 
the wetland-was made from the total, leaving a market value of $111,600. 
Annual payment by the State to Halvorson for the 10-year contract starting 
in 1983 was established at $5,580 or five percent of the appraised market 
value. We doubt the people of the State of Minnesota received $55,800 of 
value over 10 years of the contract, but that's another subject.

Halvorson was satisfied with the payment. The DNR was satisfied with the 
contract. The public's interest in the private wetland-whatever that might 
be-was preserved. Peace prevailed.

On June 5, 1992, Halvorson received a note from Bruce Gerbig, Protected 
Waters Supervisor of the DNR, stating that a representative of the 
department would be inspecting the wetland "to monitor the interest the 
State of Minnesota has in this wetland." It also stated: "Since your 
enrollment in the State Water Bank Program will be expiring at the end of 
this year, you should be aware that provisions of the 1991 Wetland 
Conservation Act prohibits renewal of your existing contract. Expiration of 
your contract does not authorize you to drain your wetland...."

Since the State Water Bank contract expired in 1992, Halvorson has been 
left without income from his property. He is prohibited from draining it 
for agriculture. Because it was in the State Water Bank program, it has no 
crop history and is ineligible for federal Conservation Reserve Program 
enrollment. For all practical purposes, Mr. Halvorson is effectively denied 
use of his property.

But he sill owns it, and as owner is required to pay taxes. His taxes on 
the half-section (320 acres) containing the 182.3-acre former Water Bank 
site total $1,056 per year. Of that total, $800 is in a ditch assessment. 
Two years of the ditch assessment have been paid-with 23 years remaining. 
Edwin is obligated over 25 years to pay $20,000 in ditch assessment-
presumably to benefit land he is prohibited from draining-plus the regular 
taxes on the property.

Everyone we have talked to who is familiar with the situation agrees that 
Edwin, and others in similar positions, really have no way out of their 
dilemma. The laws are in place, and even if property owners expend the 
funds to hire attorneys and take their cases to court, it is likely they 
would lose on an individual basis.

It is the unfairness of the plight of people like Edwin Halvorson that 
has led to formation of Landowner's Rights groups seeking to restore 
constitutional freedoms. Few would disagree that the restrictions placed 
on what Edwin can do with his property constitutes a "takings" by the 
government. Under the Amendments to our Constitution, our governments 
can not take private property without "just compensation."

Edwin Halvorson should not be faced with his long-standing problem. If 
there is a public value to prohibiting drainage of his wetland, the public 
should compensate him justly for it. The Water Bank Program he accepted in 
good faith in 1983 did that. The 1991 Wetlands Act that terminated the 
Water Bank Program does not. The state legislature violated the 
constitution in creating this situation and should be held accountable for 
restoring private rights. And it shouldn't have to take an expensive court 
case to show legislators the error of their ways. 

Comment: MLRA would also like to add that many landowners have lost 
land to unconcerned legislators and power hungry bureaucrats. MLRA is 
working to re-open the Wetland Conservation Act for changes (preferably 
repeal). It should also be noted that the Minnesota Constitution reads: 
Article 1 Sec. 13. PRIVATE PROPERTY FOR PUBLIC USE. Private property 
shall not be taken, destroyed or damaged for public use without just 
compensation therefor, first paid or secured. 
Wake up your legislators this November; tell them how you are going 
to VOTE!